Based on the carbon emission data during 2005—2014 of Guangxi, the logarithmic mean Divisia index method was adopted to decompose the carbon emission factors such as economic development, energy structure and efficiency, and the carbon reduction potentialities of Guangxi were analyzed. The results show that the per capita carbon emission of Guangxi increases, and the economic development is the main pulling force, while the energy structure and energy efficiency are the inhibitory forces. The great potentiality for carbon emission reduction is in the industry, especially in the energyintensive industries. Finally, some suggestions on how to prioritize the carbon reduction targets in Guangxi and implement them stage by stage were proposed, and some measures for carbon emission reduction, such as technology, management, economic structure and energy structure, lowcarbon development construction system, and so on, were put forward.