A rail wear prediction model was established, including a modern trams vehiclerail coupling dynamics calculation model considering independent rotating wheels, a wheelrail contact model based on grooveshaped rail multipoint contact characteristics, and an Archard material wear model. The validity of the model was verified by comparing with the relevant literature results and the effect of rail cant on the wear of grooveshaped rail of modern trams when a train passing through small radius curve was analyzed. The results show that when the rail cant is 1/60 and 1/20, the wear on the inner and outer grooveshaped rail surface and rail shoulder is relatively concentrated, and the rail wear near X=18 mm is less affected. In terms of rail’s wear analysis, setting the rail cant at 1/20 is beneficial to reduce rail wear.